Introduction
Studying in the United States on an F-1 visa opens the door to world-class education, but the opportunity also comes with strict rules. Once you receive your visa and subsequently arrive in the U.S., maintaining your F-1 status becomes your top priority.
Many students don’t realize that a simple mistake—like dropping a class or working off-campus without approval—can lead to serious consequences, including visa revocation or deportation. But don’t worry! This guide will help you understand how to maintain your F-1 status while studying in the U.S.
What Does It Mean to “Maintain F-1 Status”?
Maintaining F-1 status means you follow all U.S. immigration regulations that apply to your F-1 visa. Once you enter the U.S. on this visa, your compliance is regularly monitored by your university’s Designated School Official (DSO) through SEVIS (Student and Exchange Visitor Information System).
Top Requirements to Maintain Your F-1 Visa Status
1. Enroll Full-Time Every Semester
- Undergraduate students must register for at least 12 credit hours per semester.
- Graduate students often require 9 credit hours, unless otherwise specified.
Failing to enroll full-time without prior approval from your DSO can result in immediate status violation.
Exception: You may be allowed to take a reduced course load under certain conditions (e.g., academic difficulties, final semester), but only with prior written approval from your DSO.
2. Keep Your I-20 Up-to-Date
Your I-20 is your proof of legal F-1 status. Always ensure that:
- The program end date is accurate.
- Your major and level of study are correct.
- Any changes (name, funding source, address) are promptly reported to your DSO.
Never let your I-20 expire while you’re still studying.
3. Avoid Unauthorized Employment
You can only work under these F-1 rules:
- On-campus jobs: Up to 20 hours/week during school sessions.
- CPT (Curricular Practical Training): Internship or training directly related to your program.
- OPT (Optional Practical Training): Temporary work after graduation or while still in school.
Working off-campus without authorization is a serious violation that could result in termination of your SEVIS record.
4. Report Address and Contact Info Updates
U.S. regulations require F-1 students to report any address changes within 10 days to their DSO. This is also true for:
- Phone numbers
- Email address
- Emergency contacts
5. Maintain a Valid Passport
Your passport should always be valid for at least 6 months into the future. Renew it before it expires to avoid complications with your visa or travel plans.
6. Notify Your DSO Before Major Changes
Whether you’re:
- Changing your major
- Transferring to another school
- Extending your study program
- Taking a leave of absence
Your DSO must update your SEVIS record and issue a new I-20 when applicable. Never make these changes without their guidance.
Common Mistakes That Violate F-1 Status
- Dropping below full-time without DSO approval
- Taking unauthorized online-only courses
- Missing class regularly without reason
- Working illegally (even freelancing or remote work)
- Letting your I-20 or visa lapse
- Not updating your SEVIS record through your DSO
Tips to Stay in Compliance
- Check in with your DSO every semester.
- Create calendar alerts for visa and I-20 expiration dates.
- Attend international student orientations and workshops.
- Keep hard and digital copies of all important documents (I-20, passport, visa, I-94).
- Ask questions—never assume. If unsure, consult your DSO.
Travel Reminders
When traveling outside the U.S. and planning to return:
- Carry a valid F-1 visa stamp, passport, and signed I-20 (signed within 12 months).
- If your visa is expired, you must renew it before re-entry.
- Check country-specific restrictions and U.S. embassy guidelines.
Final Thoughts
Your F-1 visa is your golden ticket to study in the U.S., but it’s also a privilege with responsibilities. Staying in compliance is not just about ticking boxes—it’s about understanding your rights, your responsibilities, and the resources available to help you. Make your DSO your best friend, as a result, you’ll stay on track for success in the U.S.
Read More About the Topic
External Link:
Maintaining your F-1 status—or “staying in status”
Internal Links
F-1 Visa Approved: What to Do Next Before Flying to the US
What to Do if Your US Student Visa Rejected (Next Steps & Reapplication Guide)